Two types of seo:
1. on-page
2. off-page

ON-PAGE:
1) Keyword selection as per the theme of the site.

2) Taking proper care of keyword prominence, keyword density.

3) Doing proper on page optimization as per the recent google algorithm

4) Keyword rich title optimization and meta tags creation.

5) Creating sitemaps, robot.txt , info.url file.

6) 301 redirect of the site.

OFF-PAGE:
Web 2.0 Seo, Aricle writting,link wheel,blogs , social bookmarking,directory submission,Rss Feed submission,search engine submission etc are process of off page seo.