What is Apex security and sharing in Salesforce?

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Security is one of the most important aspects of Salesforce development because it determines how users access and interact with data. Apex Security and Sharing (https://mirketa.com/apex-security-and-sharing/) focus on ensuring that custom Apex code respects organizational security requirements while protecting sensitive information. Since Apex often runs in system mode, developers must implement additional controls to enforce record-level access, object permissions, and field-level security. Key concepts include using sharing settings such as with sharing, without sharing, and inherited sharing to control record visibility. Developers can also apply security checks to verify user permissions before performing queries or data modifications. Proper implementation helps prevent unauthorized access, improves data protection, and supports compliance requirements. By following Salesforce security best practices, organizations can build secure applications that provide users with the information they need while maintaining appropriate access controls and governance standards.