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A dedicated web server consists of all the resources dedicated to a particular client who owns it whereas shared server as the name suggest is shared by many a clients at once. A dedicated hosting gives the liberty to have full control over the server which can be used any how by the user. A shared server basically involves different users on one server as well as doesn’t provide much freedom on the server as the resources are being shared. In other words, a shared server has many different domains hosted on it. All of the server’s resources are shared by many websites present on the server. On a shared server you have control over your folder and everything within it only.
In dedicated server a user tend to get more security as compared to shared server. To put it in simple words, each has a different control given to the user to manage their website. A dedicated server is a web server that holds your Website, and your Website alone. Shared servers, which are the most common type of hosting available, hold many different Websites. These Websites are competing for server resources.
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dedicated server: you own the hosting space and take control of it. Dedicated servers empower high-end security and safety to your websites’ information and protect them from hackers. No other websites will be clubbed to your server space and so you can relax from continuous monitoring.
Shared Hosting: In a shared hosting service, your domains will be hosted on a shared server, which helps you cut down costs on the same due to occupying limited space. You can buy space depending on your business expansion and needs. Moreover, you do not require a dedicated person to monitor your website activities as the shared hosting service provider will take responsibility for handling your domain activities and notify you of critical/complex situations aroused if any.
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In shared hosting servers all the resources on the server is shared among different accounts hosted on the server. The server might be owned by you or belongs to any hosting provider.
When considering a dedicated, the dedicated server is a server purchased by you and hosted your own stuff, the sole proprietary ship and authorization of the server will be your's. No one can host anything on the server without your permission.
In the case of security, a dedicated server would be more secure compared to shared hosting server, the number of targeted attacks towards dedicated server will be less compared to the accounts/domains hosted on a shared hosting server.
And the possibilities of potential vulnerabilities appears in different hosting accounts on shared server will be high compared to the account hosted in a dedicated server. Any hack attempts on a single account on shared server might possibly affect all other accounts.
You can implement specific security measure that you required, for your application hosted on your dedicated server, but the security implementation/server hardening in shared hosting will be done for generic vulnerabilities/threats.
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A dedicated server is a single computer in a network reserved for serving the needs of the network. For example, some networks require that one computer be set aside to manage communications between all the other computers. In the Web hosting business, a dedicated server is typically a rented service.
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I think you've already received hundreds of solid answers to your question. It is clear that a Dedicated Server remains far superior to a shared server of any kind. Why are dedicated servers better than shared servers? Simple just because it is a dedicated server primarily. The word "Dedicated" says everything.